哈佛: 哈佛學霸的學習攻略火遍社交媒體

2018-09-20 | 來源: 今日頭條 | 轉到微信 | 有7人參與評論 | 字體: 放大縮小 | 收藏 | 打印

　　所有功課自己完成。抄作業什麼用也沒有，還挺不光彩的。

　　16. Read as much as you can. No way around it. Stop trying to cheat with Sparknotes.

　　盡量去看書，沒有捷徑。別再用文學指南網站來假裝自己看過書了。

　　17. Be a smart reader, not a robot (lol). Ask yourself: What is the author trying to prove? What is the logical progression of the argument? You can usually answer these questions by reading the introduction and conclusion of every chapter. Then, pick any two examples/anecdotes and commit them to memory (write them down). They will help you reconstruct the author’s argument later on.

　　做一個聰明的讀者，而不是機器人。問問自己：作者究竟想要證明什麼？他論證的邏輯脈絡是什麼？你可以從每章的開篇介紹及結論部分找到答案。然後找一兩個例子記下來（寫下來），日後它們會幫你重新構建作者的觀點。

　　18. Don’t read everything, but understand everything that you read. Better to have a deep understanding of a limited amount of material, than to have a vague understanding of an entire course. Once again: Vague is bad. Vague is a waste of your time.

　　不要想著讀遍所有的書，但是要理解你讀的每一本書。深刻理解有限的資料比模糊理解所有資料要好得多。再說一遍，模棱兩可是很不好的，模棱兩可就是浪費時間。

　　19. Bullet points. For essays, summarizing, everything.

　　列出要點。用這種方式去寫論文，寫總結，做任何事情。

　　? Phase IV: Reading Period (Review Week)

　　第四階段：閱讀（復習周）

　　20. Once again: do not move into the library. Eat, sleep, and bathe.

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　　再說一遍，別住進圖書館。要吃，要睡，要洗澡。

　　21. If you don’t understand it, it will definitely be on the exam. Solution: textbooks; the internet.

　　如果這個知識點你不會，那它就一定會被考到。解決辦法就是，回去看教材，上網查資料。

　　22. Do all the practice problems. This one is totally tiger mom.

　　一道練習題都不要放過，這是虎媽教的。

　　23. People are often contemptuous of rote learning. Newsflash: even at great intellectual bastions like Harvard, you will be required to memorize formulas, names and dates. To memorize effectively: stop reading your list over and over again. It doesn’t work. Say it out loud, write it down. Remember how you made friends? Have them quiz you, then return the favor.

　　人們總是輕視死記硬背。但是你知道嗎，即便在哈佛這種聰明人雲集的地方，你還是會被要求背誦公式、人名、日期。怎樣背誦才能更有效呢？別把你要背的東西反復看來看去了，沒用的。要大聲念出來，寫下來。還記得你交的朋友嗎？讓他們考考你，你也考考他們。

　　24. Again with the friends: ask them to listen while you explain a difficult concept to them. This forces you to articulate your understanding. Remember, vague is bad.

　　還是和朋友有關的建議，你可以讓他們聽你解釋一個很難的概念，這會逼著你清楚表達你所理解的知識。記得我說的嗎，模棱兩可是很不好的。

　　25. Go for the big picture. Try to figure out where a specific concept fits into the course as a whole. This will help you tap into Big Themes – every class has Big Themes – which will streamline what you need to know. You can learn a million facts, but until you understand how they fit together, you’re missing the point.

　　掌握宏觀的知識脈絡。弄明白一個具體概念是在你所學的知識的哪一部分，這會幫你掌握一個大理論，而每一門課都會有一個大理論，它會幫你串起所有的知識點。你會學到無數個知識點，但是只有當你把知識點都串起來了，你才不會錯過要點。